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coursepedia.com: Blog http://www.coursepedia.com/index.php/blog Blog Description en-us What the Supreme Courtâ€™s DACA ruling means for undocumented students and the colleges and univ ... http://www.coursepedia.com/index.php/blog/blogdetail/bid/12458 21-Jun-2020 <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Editor's note: The Supreme Court voted, 5-4, on June 18, 2020 that the Trump administration can't immediately end the <a href="https://www.oyez.org/cases/2019/18-587" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals</a> program, also known as DACA. <a href="https://scholars.org/scholar/sayil-camacho" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Sayil Camacho</a>, a Vanderbilt University postdoctoral fellow who studies immigrants, answers four questions about how the decision will affect undocumented students and higher education. <h2 style="color:#434343;margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;" style="color:#434343;margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;">1. What's DACA, and what did the majority say in its ruling?</h2> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">President Barack Obama signed the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals executive memorandum on <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/18/us/DACA-dreamers-supreme-court-immigration.html" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">June 15, 2012</a> to provide <a href="https://www.migrationpolicy.org/research/daca-two-year-mark-national-and-state-profile-youth-eligible-and-applying-deferred-action" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">1.2 million undocumented young people</a> with two-year work permits and temporary relief from deportation. Since this program went into effect, approximately <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/10/6/16431524/daca-how-many" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">800,000 undocumented immigrants have obtained DACA status</a>, including about <a href="https://www.npr.org/2020/06/18/880281963/sigh-of-relief-or-slippery-slope-advocates-and-opponents-react-to-daca-ruling" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">643,000</a> with it today. The permits are renewable <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-response-january-2018-preliminary-injunction" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">120 days before the expiration date</a> as long as the DACA program is in place. <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Studies have shown that DACA has <a href="https://immigrationinitiative.harvard.edu/files/hii/files/final_daca_report.pdf" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">improved the chances for undocumented people</a> to complete high school, go to college, attend grad school and get higher-paying jobs. <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">On Sept. 5, 2017, President Donald Trump declared that his administration would <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/statement-president-donald-j-trump-7/" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">phase the DACA program out</a>. Subsequently, <a href="https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/statement-uc-president-janet-napolitano-filing-supreme-court-brief-daca" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">several lawsuits were filed</a> challenging DACA's termination. On June 28, 2019 the Supreme Court agreed to consolidate and consider three of these cases. <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In this single ruling nearly a year later, a majority of the justices deemed the <a href="https://www.nilc.org/issues/daca/daca-litigation-timeline/" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">legal process</a> Trump used in his attempt to end DACA to be &ldquo;<a href="https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/department-of-homeland-security-v-regents-of-the-university-of-california/" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">arbitrary and capricious</a>.&rdquo; They ruled that his administration lacked a clear rationale for ending the DACA program. <h2 style="color:#434343;margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;" style="color:#434343;margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;">2. What does this mean for undocumented students?</h2> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">This ruling means that undocumented young people who have obtained permission to stay in the country through DACA &ndash; often called Dreamers &ndash; can keep their DACA benefits &ndash; including temporary work permits and relief from deportation. For undocumented students, this means that they can continue to work, stay in school, pursue careers and remain with relatives who live in the United States. <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Today, an estimated <a href="https://futureofchildren.princeton.edu/sites/futureofchildren/files/media/immigrant_children_21_01_fulljournal.pdf" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">1.1 million undocumented children</a> live in the United States, according to data drawn from the Census Bureau. This number includes about <a href="https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/nearly-100000-unauthorized-immigrants-graduate-high-school-every-year-new-mpi-analysis-finds" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">100,000 undocumented students</a> who graduate from high school every year. The most recent estimates indicate that approximately <a href="https://www.presidentsimmigrationalliance.org/pressrelease/new-report-more-than-450000-undocumented-students-enrolled-in-colleges-universities-in-united-states/" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">450,000 undocumented immigrants</a> are enrolled in colleges and universities, including some 45,000 pursuing advanced degrees. <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">The court battle over whether Trump had the power to end <a href="https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2019-11-12/timeline-on-daca" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">DACA in the way that he attempted to do it</a> also discouraged many undocumented people <a href="https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2017/11/09/442502/thousands-daca-recipients-already-losing-protection-deportation/" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">from applying</a>. <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">But the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services agency is <a href="https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-response-january-2018-preliminary-injunction" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">still accepting and approving DACA applications</a> from anyone who needs to renew their status or is seeking protection from deportation. <h2 style="color:#434343;margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;" style="color:#434343;margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;">3. How has higher ed dealt with DACA?</h2> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Many colleges and universities have special <a href="https://undoc.universityofcalifornia.edu/campus-support.html" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">resource offices or designated staff</a> trained to support undocumented students. Some schools are seeking to address issues that prevent them from affording college. <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><a href="https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2020/03/03/college-promise-programs-can-make-college-more-affordable-undocumented-students" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Targeted policies</a>, such as letting undocumented residents pay <a href="https://www.ncsl.org/research/education/undocumented-student-tuition-overview.aspx" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">in-state tuition</a>, giving the undocumented access to <a href="https://www.usnews.com/education/best-colleges/paying-for-college/articles/2019-08-29/how-undocumented-students-can-access-financial-aid-for-college" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">financial aid</a> and ensuring that undocumented applicants may apply for <a href="https://immigrantsrising.org/2020scholarships/" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">scholarships</a>, can make a big difference. <h2 style="color:#434343;margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;" style="color:#434343;margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;">4. Does this mean undocumented students no longer have to fear deportation?</h2> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">No. Regardless of their immigration status, undocumented students have to wake up every morning not knowing whether they can stay in this country. Trump and other officials in his administration have signaled that they intend to <a href="https://twitter.com/priscialva/status/1273694990565285893" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">renew their efforts to end this program</a>. For undocumented immigrants, obtaining DACA status has always involved trusting the U.S. government not to deport them when they <a href="https://youtu.be/_07xhidMQ_Y" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">came out of the shadows</a> and officially acknowledged their status. <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">The precise numbers are unclear, but studies indicate that there are between <a href="https://insights.som.yale.edu/insights/yale-study-finds-twice-as-many-undocumented-immigrants-as-previous-estimates" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">11 and 22 million</a> undocumented people in the United States. Without comprehensive immigration reform, they will continue to live in fear. <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">I hope that many colleges and universities will keep trying to meet the growing needs of their undocumented students, even if Trump <a href="https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/nation-world/national/article243627857.html" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">keeps trying to end DACA</a>. Some of the ways schools can do that is by paying DACA <a href="https://theconversation.com/proposed-asylum-fees-are-part-of-a-bid-to-make-immigrants-to-the-us-fund-their-own-red-tape-126890" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">application and renewal fees</a>, providing free on-campus legal aid and offering access to mental health counselors. <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">The DACA program was always intended as a <a href="https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/06/15/remarks-president-immigration" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">temporary policy</a> that might allow young people who arrived in the United States as children the opportunity to stay and build their adult lives here. Eventually, the undocumented &ndash; and everyone else in the United States &ndash; will need a longer-term solution. <p style="margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 18px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-family: &quot;Libre Baskerville&quot;, Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">[You're smart and curious about the world. So are The Conversation's authors and editors. <a href="https://theconversation.com/us/newsletters?utm_source=TCUS&amp;utm_medium=inline-link&amp;utm_campaign=newsletter-text&amp;utm_content=youresmart" style="color: rgb(85, 87, 104); text-decoration: underline; outline: none; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;">You can read us daily by subscribing to our newsletter</a>.]