Courses:

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Heim, Irene, and Angelika Kratzer. Semantics in Generative Grammar. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 1997. ISBN: 0631197133.

Portner, Paul, and Barbara Partee, eds. Formal Semantics: The Essential Readings. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 2002. ISBN: 0631215425. (Formal Semantics is a collection of seminal papers that have shaped the field of formal semantics in linguistics.)

Frank Veltman's list of 40 classics in semantics and pragmatics.

Schwitzgebel, Eric. "Belief." In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Draft entry.

Sauerland, Uli. "Scalar Implicatures in Complex Sentences." Ms., Universität Tübingen, 2001.

Kratzer, Angelika. "The Notional Category of Modality." In Words, Worlds, and Contexts New Approaches in Word Semantics. Edited by H. J. Eikmeyer, and H. Rieser. Berlin, Germany; New York, NY: W. de Gruyter, 1981, pp. 38-74. ISBN: 3110085046. (Reprinted in Portner & Partee (2002), 289-323.)

Kiefer, Ferenc. "On Defining Modality." Folia Linguistica 21i (1987): 67-94.

Varzi, Achille C. Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic. 38, no. 4 (1997): 621-638.

Horn, Laurence R. "Remarks on neg-raising." In Syntax and Semantics 9: Pragmatics. Edited by Peter Cole. New York, NY: Academic Press, 1978, pp. 129-220.

Tovena, Lucia M. "Neg-Raising: negation as finite failure?" In Perspectives on Negation and Polarity Items. Edited by J. Hoeksema, H. Rulmann, V. Sanchez Valencia, and T. van der Wouden. Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins Pub., 2000, pp. 331-356. ISBN: 1556197934.

von Fintel, Kai, and Sabine Iatridou. "Epistemic Containment." Linguistic Inquiry 34, no. 2 (2003): 173-198.

Butler, Jonny. "What Mustn't and Can't Mustn't and Can't Mean (in a feature based system of scope)." Master's thesis, University of York, 2001.

———. "A Minimalist Treatment of Modality." Lingua 113 (2003): 967-996.

Stowell, Tim. "Tense and Modals." In The Syntax of Time. Edited by J. Guéron and J. Lecarme. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2004. ISBN: 0262572176.

Bhatt, Rajesh, and Roumyana Pancheva. "Conditionals." Ms. University of Texas at Austin & University of Southern California, 2001.

Derose, Keith. "Epistemic Possibilities." The Philosophical Review 100, no. 4 (1991): 581-605.

———. "Simple 'might's, Indicative Possibilities and the Open Future." Philosophical Quarterly 48, no. 190 (1998): 67-82.

Teller, Paul. "Epistemic Possibility." Philosophia 2 (1972): 302-320.

Hacking, Ian. "Possibility." The Philosophical Review 76, no. 2 (1967): 143-168.

———. "All Kinds of Possibility." The Philosophical Review 84, no. 3 (1975): 321-337.

Gibbs, Benjamin. "Real Possibility." American Philosophical Quarterly 76 (1970): 340-348.

Edgington, Dorothy. "Conditionals." In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Edited by Edward N. Zalta. Fall 2001 Edition.

Suber, Peter. "Paradoxes of Material Implication." Department of Philosophy, Earlham College, 1997.

Percus, Orin. "Constraints on Some Other Variables in Syntax." Natural Language Semantics 8, no. 3 (2000): 173-229.

Binnick, Robert. The Project on Annotated Bibliography of Contemporary Research in Tense, Grammatical Aspect, Aktionsart, and Related Areas. University of Toronto at Scarborough, 2005.

Hasle, Per F. V., and Ohrstrom, Peter. Foundations of Temporal Logic - The WWW-site for Prior-Studies. Aalborg University.

Galton, Antony. "Temporal Logic." In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Edited by Edward N. Zalta. Winter 1999 Edition.

Copeland, B. Jack. "Arthur Prior." The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Edited by Edward N. Zalta.  Winter 1999 Edition.

Partee, Barbara. "Some structural analogies between tenses and pronouns in English." The Journal of Philosophy 70, no. 18 (1973): 601-609.

Musan, Renate. "Tense, Predicates, and Lifetime Effects." Natural Language Semantics 5 (1997): 271-301.

von Stechow, Arnim. "Temporal Prepositional Phrases with Quantifiers: Some Additions to Pratt and Francez." Linguistics and Philosophy 25 (2002): 755-800.

Pratt, Ian and Nissim Francez. "Temporal Prepositions and Temporal Generalized Quantifiers." Linguistics and Philosophy 24 (2001): 187-222.

Hamblin, C. L. "Questions in Montague English." Foundations of Language 10 (1973): 41-53.

Here are two pages about Hamblin (who died in 1985 and was both a philosopher and apparently a pioneer in computer science):

1. McBurney, Peter J. "Charles L. Hamblin." 2003. 
   
   
2. McBurney, Peter J. "Charles L. Hamblin." Automated Decision-Making 3 (2003).

Montague, Richard. "The Proper Treatment of Quantification in Ordinary English." In Approaches to Natural Language. Edited by Jaako Hintikka, Julius Moravcsik and Patrick Suppes. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Reidel, 1973, pp. 221-242. ISBN: 9027702209. (Reprinted in Portner & Partee, 2002, pp. 17-34.)

Lewis, David. "General Semantics." Synthese 22 (1970): 18-67. (Reprinted with a postscript in: Lewis, David. Philosophical Papers. Vol.1. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1983, pp. 189-232. ISBN: 0195032047.

Cresswell, Max. Logics and Languages. London, UK: Methuen, 1973. ISBN: 0416769500.

Hughes, George, and Max Cresswell. A New Introduction to Modal Logic. London, UK: Routledge, 1996. ISBN: 0415126002.

Palmer, Frank Robert. Mood and Modality. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1986. ISBN: 0521319307.

White, Alan. Modal Thinking. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1975. ISBN: 0801409918

van der Auwera, Johan. "Modality: The Three-Layered Scalar Square.” Journal of Semantics 13, no. 3 (1996): 181-195.

Partee, Barbara. "Quantificational Structures and Compositionality." In Quantification in Natural Languages. Edited by Emmon Bach, Eloise Jelinek, Angelika Kratzer, and Barbara Partee. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995, pp. 541-601. ISBN: 0792333527.

Stanley, Jason, and Zoltán Szabo. "On Quantifier Domain Restriction." Mind and Language 15, no. 2/3 (2000): 219-261.

Kratzer, Angelika. "What Must and Can Must and Can Mean." Linguistics and Philosophy 1 (1977): 337-355.

———. Semantik der Rede: Kontexttheorie ­Modalwörter ­Konditionalsätze. Königstein, Germany: Scriptor, 1978. ISBN: 3589206381.

———. "The Notional Category of Modality." In Words, Worlds, and Contexts. New Approaches in Word Semantics. Edited by H. J. Eikmeyer, and H. Rieser. Berlin, Germany; New York, NY: Walter de Gruyter, 1981, pp. 38-74. ISBN: 3110085046. (Reprinted in Portner & Partee (2002), pp. 289-323.)

———. "Conditionals." Chicago Linguistics Society 22, no. 2 (1986): 1-15.

———. "Modality." In Semantik: Ein internationales Handbuch der zeitgenössischen Forschung. Edited by Arnim Von Stechow, and Dieter Wunderlich. Berlin, Germany: Walter de Gruyter, 1991, pp. 639-650. ISBN: 3110126966.

Karttunen, Lauri. "Possible and Must." In Syntax and Semantics. Vol. 1. Edited by John Kimball. New York, NY: Seminar Press, 1972, pp. 1-20.

Hacking, Ian. "Possibility." The Philosophical Review 76, no. 2 (1967): 143-168.

Gibbs, Benjamin. "Real Possibility." American Philosophical Quarterly 76 (1970): 340-348.

Hacking, Ian. "All Kinds of Possibility." The Philosophical Review 84 (1975): 321-337.

Teller, Paul. "Epistemic Possibility." Philosophia 2 (1972): 302-320.

DeRose, Keith. "Epistemic Possibilities." The Philosophical Review 100, no. 4 (1991): 581-605.

———. "Simple 'might's', Indicative Possibilities and the Open Future." Philosophical Quarterly 48, no. 190 (1998): 67-82.

Garrett, Edward John. "Evidentiality and Assertion in Tibetan." Ph.D. thesis, University of California - Los Angeles, 2002.

Faller, Martina. "Semantics and Pragmatics of Evidentials in Cuzco Quechua." Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, 2002.

See also:

Izvorski, Roumyana. "The Present Perfect as an Epistemic Modal." In Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT) VII. Edited by Aaron Lawson. Ithaca, NY: CLS Publications, 1997.

Rooryck, Johan. "Evidentiality, Part I." Glot International 5, no. 4 (2001a): 125-133.

———. "Evidentiality, Part II." Glot International 5, no. 5 (2001b): 161-168.

Brennan, Ginny. "Root and Epistemic Modal Auxiliary Verbs." Ph.D. thesis, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, 1993.

Iatridou, Sabine. "The Past, the Possible, and the Evident." Linguistic Inquiry 21 (1990): 123-129.

von Fintel, Kai, and Sabine Iatridou. "Epistemic Containment." Linguistic Inquiry 34 (2003): 173-198.

Butler, Jonny. "What Mustn't and Can't Mustn't and Can't Mean" (in a feature based system of scope). Master's thesis, University of York, 2001.

———. "A Minimalist Treatment of Modality." Lingua 113 (2003): 967-996.

Stowell, Tim. "Tense and Modals." In The Syntax of Time. Edited by J. Guéron and J. Lecarme. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2004. ISBN: 0262572176.

Condoravdi, Cleo. "Temporal Interpretation of Modals." In The Construction of Meaning. Edited by David I. Beaver, Luis D. Casillas Martinez, Brady Z. Clark, and Stefan Kaufmann. Palo Alto, CA: CSLI Publications, 2002, pp. 59-88. ISBN: 1575863766. (PDF)

Werner, Tom. "Deducing the Future." Ms., Rutgers University, 2002.

Kamp, Hans. "Free Choice Permission." Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 74 (1973): 57-74.

———. "Semantics versus Pragmatics." In Formal Semantics and Pragmatics for Natural Languages. Edited by Franz Guenthner, and S. J. Schmidt. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Reidel, 1979, pp. 255-287. ISBN: 9027707782.

Zimmermann, Thomas Ede. "Free Choice Disjunction and Epistemic Possibility." Natural Language Semantics 8, no. 4 (2000): 255-290.

Stalnaker, Robert. "A Theory of Conditionals." In Studies in Logical Theory: Essays. Edited by James W. Cornman, et. al. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 1968, pp. 98-112. ISBN: 0631114602.

———, and Richmond Thomason. "A Semantic Analysis of Conditional Logic." Theoria 36 (1970): 23-42.

Lewis, David. Counterfactuals. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1973. ISBN: 0674175409. 

———. "Counterfactuals and Comparative Possibility." Journal of Philosophical Logic 2 (1973): 418-446.

Nute, Donald. "Conditional Logic." In Handbook of Philosophical Logic. Vol. II. Edited by Dov Gabbay, and Franz Guenthner. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Reidel, 1984, pp. 387-439. ISBN: 9027715424.

Gibbard, Alan. "Two Recent Theories of Conditionals." In Ifs: Conditionals, Belief, Decision, Chance, and Time. Edited by William Harper, Robert Stalnaker, and Glenn Pearce. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Reidel, 1981, pp. 211-247. ISBN: 9027712204.

Edgington, Dorothy. "On Conditionals." Mind 104 (1995): 235-329.

von Fintel, Kai. "Bare Plurals, Bare Conditionals, and Only." Journal of Semantics 14, no. 1 (1997): 1-56.

———. "Counterfactuals in a Dynamic Context." In Ken Hale: A Life in Language. Edited by Michael Kenstowicz. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001, pp. 123-152. ISBN: 0262611600.

Schlenker, Philippe. "Conditionals as Definite Descriptions (A Referential Analysis)." 2002. Accepted for publication by the Journal of Language and Computation.

Schwarz, Bernhard. "Reduced Conditionals in German: Event Quantification and Definiteness." Natural Language Semantics 6, no. 3 (1998): 271-301.

Beck, Sigrid. "On the Semantics of Comparative Conditionals." Linguistics and Philosophy 20, no. 3 (1997): 229-271.

Bhatt, Rajesh, and Roumyana Pancheva. "Conditionals." Ms. University of Texas at Austin & University of Southern California, 2001.

Lewis, David. "Adverbs of Quantification." In Formal Semantics of Natural Language. Edited by Edward Keenan. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1975, pp. 3-15. ISBN: 0521206979.

Heim, Irene. "The Semantics of Definite and Indefinite Noun Phrases." Ph.D. thesis, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, 1982.

von Fintel, Kai. "The Presupposition of Subjunctive Conditionals." In The Interpretive Tract. Edited by Uli Sauerland and Orin Percus. Cambridge, MA: MITWPL, Department of Linguistics, MIT, 1998, pp. 29-44.

Iatridou, Sabine. "The Grammatical Ingredients of Counterfactuality." Linguistic Inquiry 31, no. 2 (2000): 231-270.

Ippolito, Michela: "On the Semantic Composition of Subjunctive Conditionals." Ms. Universitat Tubingen/UCSC, 2003.

Frank, Annette. "Context Dependence in Modal Constructions." Ph.D. thesis, Universität Stuttgart, 1997.

Zvolenszky, Zsófia. "Is a Possible-Worlds Semantics of Modality Possible? A Problem for Kratzer's Semantics." New York University, 2002.

Portner, Paul. "The Semantics of Mood." Glot International 4, no. 1 (1999): 3-9.

———. "The Semantics of Mood, Complementation, and Conversational Force." Natural Language Semantics 5, no. 2 (1997): 167-212.

Baker, Mark, and Lisa Travis. "Mood as Verbal Definiteness in a 'Tenseless' Language." Natural Language Semantics 5, no. 3 (1997): 213-269.

Heim, Irene. "A Note on Polarity Sensitivity and Downward Entailingness." NELS 14 (1984): 98-107.

von Fintel, Kai. "NPI Licensing, Strawson Entailment, and Context Dependency." Journal of Semantics 16 (1999): 97-148.

Dayal, Veneeta. "'Any' as Inherently Modal." Linguistics and Philosophy 21, no. 5 (1998): 433-476.

Giannakidou, Anastasia. "The Meaning of Free Choice." Linguistics and Philosophy 24, no. 6 (2001): 659-735.

von Fintel, Kai. "Whatever." Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT) 10 (2000).

Kratzer, Angelika, and Junko Shimoyama. "Indeterminate Pronouns: The View from Japanese." In The Proceedings of the Third Tokyo Conference on Psycholinguistics. Edited by Y. Otsu. Tokyo, Japan: Hituzi Syobo, 2002, pp. 1-25. (PDF)

Alonso-Ovalle, Luis, and Paula Menendez-Benito. "Some Epistemic Indefinites." North East Linguistic Society (NELS) 33 (2003).