Courses:

There are three informal review quizzes during the second, third, and fourth sessions. Below are sample quiz questions, to help students prepare.

1. How is the cross section of elastic scattering related to the
   • atomic number?
   • electron beam energy?
   • tilt angle?
2. How are secondary electrons produced?
3. What is the typical energy range of
   • back-scattered electrons?
   • secondary electrons?
4. How are the Bremsstrahlung or continuum X-rays generated?
5. What is the maximum energy of continuum X-rays (Duane-Hunt limit)?
6. What is
   • fluorescent yield?
   • Auger yield?
7. What is the electron transition in the target atom for Kα X-ray generation?
8. What is the equation that relates the energy of an X-ray to its wavelength?
9. What is the critical excitation energy or the absorption edge?
10. What are the variables that determine
    • electron range?
    • X-ray range?
11. What is Φ(ρz)? How is it defined?
12. How is the final intensity of an X-ray related to the initial intensity before absorption takes place?
13. What is k-ratio? What equation relates it to the concentration of the element in the sample?
14. What is the purpose of the atomic number correction?
15. What is the relation between the absorption correction and
    • take-off angle?
    • accelerating voltage?
16. What is fluorescence? Under what conditions does it happen?
17. What kind of electrons does the E-T detector detects and under what conditions?
18. Under what condition can the solid-state diode detector be used for topographic imaging?
19. What is common process underlying the operation of a solid-state diode detector, a cathodolominescence detector and an ED detector?
20. What is
    • p-type dopant?
    • n-type dopant?
21. Which type of dopant is used in an ED detector?
22. What is Bragg's law?
23. Which gas is used in a proportional counter for
    • short wavelength detection?
    • long wavelength detection?
24. What is the function of a single channel analyzer?
25. How can you correct for defocusing effects in compositional imaging by WDS?
26. Why is background correction important in quantitative compositional imaging by WDS?
27. What causes peak shifts in light elements?
28. What is area peak factor (APF)?
29. What causes count rate to increase with time during carbon analysis? How can you prevent it?
30. What kind of spectral artifacts may be present in an EDS spectrum?